Psalm 81
Deliverance Center – Portland, Maine
Rev. Stephen G. Reynolds, Sr.
Wednesday, July 6, 2011
TITLE: Love God’s Ways & Praise Him
TEXT: Ps 81:1 -16
<<To the chief Musician upon Gittith, A Psalm of Asaph.>> Sing aloud unto God our strength: make a joyful noise unto the God of Jacob. 2 Take a psalm, and bring hither the timbrel, the pleasant harp with the psaltery. 3 Blow up the trumpet in the new moon, in the time appointed, on our solemn feast day. 4 For this was a statute for Israel, and a law of the God of Jacob. 5 This he ordained in Joseph for a testimony, when he went out through the land of Egypt: where I heard a language that I understood not. 6 I removed his shoulder from the burden: his hands were delivered from the pots. 7 Thou calledst in trouble, and I delivered thee; I answered thee in the secret place of thunder: I proved thee at the waters of Meribah. Selah. 8 ¶ Hear, O my people, and I will testify unto thee: O Israel, if thou wilt hearken unto me; 9 There shall no strange god be in thee; neither shalt thou worship any strange god. 10 I am the LORD thy God, which brought thee out of the land of Egypt: open thy mouth wide, and I will fill it. 11 But my people would not hearken to my voice; and Israel would none of me. 12 So I gave them up unto their own hearts' lust: and they walked in their own counsels. 13 Oh that my people had hearkened unto me, and Israel had walked in my ways! 14 I should soon have subdued their enemies, and turned my hand against their adversaries. 15 The haters of the LORD should have submitted themselves unto him: but their time should have endured for ever. 16 He should have fed them also with the finest of the wheat: and with honey out of the rock should I have satisfied thee.
The heart is where the Word of God needs to take root! If there is already other seed planted there, it must be ROOTED out.
We need a nature change.
v.11 God’s own people would not hearken to God’s voice. Refused to love God and His ways. They would get hungry and complain in the wilderness for having no food. Instead of praising God for their great deliverance and trusting his ways!
We need to have a daily experience of getting our ORDERS from Him and our DAILY BREAD.
Vs.1-5 Make a JOYFUL NOISE unto the Lord! This is encouraging.
- Do you know what it is to sing out of your heart in praise to God and experience the liberty in the Spirit.
If you don’t know how to praise until you feel free in your spirit. You won’t know how to LIVE free!
- Harp & Trumpet – Balanced Worship
1Co 14:26 ¶ How is it then, brethren? when ye come together, every one of you hath a psalm, hath a doctrine, hath a tongue, hath a revelation, hath an interpretation. Let all things be done unto edifying.
Ps 81:1 <<To the chief Musician upon Gittith, A Psalm of Asaph.>> Sing aloud unto God our strength: make a joyful noise unto the God of Jacob.
2 Take a psalm, and bring hither the timbrel, the pleasant harp with the psaltery.
3 Blow up the trumpet in the new moon, in the time appointed, on our solemn feast day.
4 For this was a statute for Israel, and a law of the God of Jacob.
5 This he ordained in Joseph for a testimony, when he went out through the land of Egypt: where I heard a language that I understood not.
6 I removed his shoulder from the burden: his hands were delivered from the pots.
7 Thou calledst in trouble, and I delivered thee; I answered thee in the secret place of thunder: I proved thee at the waters of Meribah. Selah.
8 Hear, O my people, and I will testify unto thee: O Israel, if thou wilt hearken unto me;
9 There shall no strange god be in thee; neither shalt thou worship any strange god.
10 I am the LORD thy God, which brought thee out of the land of Egypt: open thy mouth wide, and I will fill it.
11 But my people would not hearken to my voice; and Israel would none of me.
12 So I gave them up unto their own hearts' lust: and they walked in their own counsels.
13 Oh that my people had hearkened unto me, and Israel had walked in my ways!
14 I should soon have subdued their enemies, and turned my hand against their adversaries.
15 The haters of the LORD should have submitted themselves unto him: but their time should have endured for ever.
16 He should have fed them also with the finest of the wheat: and with honey out of the rock should I have satisfied thee.
1Co 14:26 ¶ How is it then, brethren? when ye come together, every one of you hath a psalm, hath a doctrine, hath a tongue, hath a revelation, hath an interpretation. Let all things be done unto edifying.
2Co 12:19 Again, think ye that we excuse ourselves unto you? we speak before God in Christ: but we do all things, dearly beloved, for your edifying.
Eph 5:19 Speaking to yourselves in psalms and hymns and spiritual songs, singing and making melody in your heart to the Lord;
Col 3:16 Let the word of Christ dwell in you richly in all wisdom; teaching and admonishing one another in psalms and hymns and spiritual songs, singing with grace in your hearts to the Lord.
Eph 3:17 That Christ may dwell in your hearts by faith; that ye, being rooted and grounded in love, 18 May be able to comprehend with all saints what is the breadth, and length, and depth, and height; 19 And to know the love of Christ, which passeth knowledge, that ye might be filled with all the fulness of God.
A Revelation of two great subjects and one said decision
- True Dedicated Worship
- Praise the Lord
- For His Name is Holy
- For His love is Wonderful.
- Hear and obey the Word
- Praise the Lord
James 1:22 But be ye doers of the word, and not hearers only, deceiving your own selves.
3-solemn feast day
4 - For this was a statute a law of the God of Jacob.
5 - This he ordained in Joseph for a testimony
8 - Hear, O my people, and I will testify unto thee:
11 But my people would not hearken to my voice; and Israel would none of me.
13 Oh that my people had hearkened unto me, and Israel had walked in my ways!
- Divine Deliverance
- Deliverance
- From bondage
- From enemies
- Victories
- Over sin, self, the world and satan.
- Being fed and satisfied.
- Deliverance
- Man’s foolish decisions
- To learn and tolerate the strange language of Egypt.
- To listen, serve and worship strange spirits.
- Not to listen to the truth
- Not to walk in the truth
- To hate God
- To hate the truth
Ps 81:1—Sing aloud unto God our strength: make a joyful noise unto the God of Jacob.
- Strength gained through Worship
- Strong Worship
- Sing aloud unto God our strength
God is our strength, let that strength be devoted to his service; therefore, sing aloud!
- Make a joyful noise unto the God of Jacob.
God is our Joy, let that Joy be devoted to His service; therefore make a Joyful Noise.
Ex 19:18 And mount Sinai was altogether on a smoke, because the LORD descended upon it in fire: and the smoke thereof ascended as the smoke of a furnace, and the whole mount quaked greatly.
19 And when the voice of the trumpet sounded long, and waxed louder and louder, Moses spake, and God answered him by a voice.
20 And the LORD came down upon mount Sinai, on the top of the mount: and the LORD called Moses up to the top of the mount; and Moses went up.
Mount Sinai, which waxed louder and louder.
As it was then to be done by singing psalms, singing aloud, and making a joyful noise so much more so now.
The pleasantness of the harp --- The awfulness of the trumpet
Testify to us that God is to be worshipped
With cheerfulness and joy --- With reverence and godly fear.
Singing aloud and making a joyful noise testify that we have warm and affectionate praise for God, we must show forth His praise, as those that are not ashamed and that we should join many together in this work; the more the better.
1Pe 2:9 But ye are a chosen generation, a royal priesthood, an holy nation, a peculiar people; that ye should shew forth the praises of him who hath called you out of darkness into his marvellous light:
De 10:21 He is thy praise, and he is thy God, that hath done for thee these great and terrible things, which thine eyes have seen.
Ps 22:3 But thou art holy, O thou that inhabitest the praises of Israel.
Praising God is not only a good thing, which we do well to do, but it is our essential duty, which we are thankful to do; it is at our peril if we neglect it;
As Israel remembered being redeemed out of Egypt, we ought, to remember a more glorious redemption wrought out for us by Jesus Christ from worse than Egyptian bondage, and the many gracious answers he has given to us,
Let no Christian be silent, or slack in prayer and praise, for this God is our God.
We delight the anointing of The Holy Ghost and in full bursts of praise.
The Lord can only be truly adored with the heart
Everyday should begin with Special Praise, there should be outburst of praise throughout the day.
Ps 81:10 I am the LORD thy God, which brought thee out of the land of Egypt: open thy mouth wide, and I will fill it.
A true desire for the better things of God
Deliverance
Pr 13:3 ¶ He that keepeth his mouth keepeth his life: but he that openeth wide his lips shall have destruction.
Ps 81:5 This he ordained in Joseph for a testimony, when he went out through the land of Egypt: where I heard a language that I understood not.
Ps 81:9 There shall no strange god be in thee; neither shalt thou worship any strange god.
Ps 14:1 The fool hath said in his heart, There is no God. They are corrupt, they have done abominable works, there is none that doeth good.
2 The LORD looked down from heaven upon the children of men, to see if there were any that did understand, and seek God.
3 They are all gone aside, they are all together become filthy: there is none that doeth good, no, not one.
Who heard? And what was heard?
Ps 114:1 ¶ When Israel went out of Egypt, the house of Jacob from a people of strange language;
De 28:49 The LORD shall bring a nation against thee from far, from the end of the earth, as swift as the eagle flieth; a nation whose tongue thou shalt not understand;
Ps 39:1 ¶ <<To the chief Musician, even to Jeduthun, A Psalm of David.>> I said, I will take heed to my ways, that I sin not with my tongue: I will keep my mouth with a bridle, while the wicked is before me.
Col 4:2 Continue in prayer, and watch in the same with thanksgiving;
3 Withal praying also for us, that God would open unto us a door of utterance, to speak the mystery of Christ, for which I am also in bonds:
4 That I may make it manifest, as I ought to speak.
5 Walk in wisdom toward them that are without, redeeming the time.
6 Let your speech be alway with grace, seasoned with salt, that ye may know how ye ought to answer every man.
Pr 21:23 ¶ Whoso keepeth his mouth and his tongue keepeth his soul from troubles. Jas 3:2 For in many things we offend all. If any man offend not in word, the same is a perfect man, and able also to bridle the whole body. Prov 18:21
Ps 81:7 Thou calledst in trouble, and I delivered thee; I answered thee in the secret place of thunder: I proved thee at the waters of Meribah. Selah.
Ex 19:13 There shall not an hand touch it, but he shall surely be stoned, or shot through; whether it be beast or man, it shall not live: when the trumpet soundeth long, they shall come up to the mount.
16 ¶ And it came to pass on the third day in the morning, that there were thunders and lightnings, and a thick cloud upon the mount, and the voice of the trumpet exceeding loud; so that all the people that was in the camp trembled.
Ex 19:19 And when the voice of the trumpet sounded long, and waxed louder and louder, Moses spake, and God answered him by a voice.
20 And the LORD came down upon mount Sinai, on the top of the mount: and the LORD called Moses up to the top of the mount; and Moses went up.
Ex 24:17 And the sight of the glory of the LORD was like devouring fire on the top of the mount in the eyes of the children of Israel.
Ps 77:18 The voice of thy thunder was in the heaven: the lightnings lightened the world: the earth trembled and shook.
Heb 12:21 And so terrible was the sight, that Moses said, I exceedingly fear and quake:)
Isa 29:6 Thou shalt be visited of the LORD of hosts with thunder, and with earthquake, and great noise, with storm and tempest, and the flame of devouring fire.
Isa 30:27 ¶ Behold, the name of the LORD cometh from far, burning with his anger, and the burden thereof is heavy: his lips are full of indignation, and his tongue as a devouring fire:
Isa 30:30 And the LORD shall cause his glorious voice to be heard, and shall shew the lighting down of his arm, with the indignation of his anger, and with the flame of a devouring fire, with scattering, and tempest, and hailstones.
Isa 33:14 The sinners in Zion are afraid; fearfulness hath surprised the hypocrites. Who among us shall dwell with the devouring fire? who among us shall dwell with everlasting burnings?
Ps 81:7 Thou calledst in trouble, and I delivered thee; I answered thee in the secret place of thunder: I proved thee at the waters of Meribah. Selah.
Nu 20:13 This is the water of Meribah; because the children of Israel strove with the LORD, and he was sanctified in them.
Ex 17:7 And he called the name of the place Massah, and Meribah, because of the chiding of the children of Israel, and because they tempted the LORD, saying, Is the LORD among us, or not? {Massah: that is, Temptation} {Meribah: that is, Chiding, or, Strife}
Massah signifies temptation or trial; and hbyrm Meribah, contention or litigation.
Isa 41:17 When the poor and needy seek water, and there is none, and their tongue faileth for thirst, I the LORD will hear them, I the God of Israel will not forsake them.
18 I will open rivers in high places, and fountains in the midst of the valleys: I will make the wilderness a pool of water, and the dry land springs of water.
Ps 95:8 Harden not your heart, as in the provocation, and as in the day of temptation in the wilderness: {provocation: Heb. contention}
Heb 3:8 Harden not your hearts, as in the provocation, in the day of temptation in the wilderness:
Ps 81:13 Oh that my people had hearkened unto me, and Israel had walked in my ways!
If only Israel would walk in God’s ways
A might have been
Ps 81:15 The haters of the LORD should have submitted themselves unto him: but their time should have endured for ever.
Ro 1:30 Backbiters, haters of God, despiteful, proud, boasters, inventors of evil things, disobedient to parents,
As long as they hate God they will only bow to His power and providence.
Ps 18:44 As soon as they hear of me, they shall obey me: the strangers shall submit themselves unto me. {As soon...: Heb. At the hearing of the ear} {submit...: or, yield feigned obedience} {strangers: Heb. sons of the stranger}
45 The strangers shall fade away, and be afraid out of their close places. 46 The LORD liveth; and blessed be my rock; and let the God of my salvation be exalted. 47 It is God that avengeth me, and subdueth the people under me. 48 He delivereth me from mine enemies: yea, thou liftest me up above those that rise up against me: thou hast delivered me from the violent man.
49 Therefore will I give thanks unto thee, O LORD, among the heathen, and sing praises unto thy name.
Ps 18:50 Great deliverance giveth he to his king; and sheweth mercy to his anointed, to David, and to his seed for evermore.
Ps 66:3 Say unto God, How terrible art thou in thy works! through the greatness of thy power shall thine enemies submit themselves unto thee.
Christ never reproved for himself; He never said, Why scourge you me? why spit you upon me? why crucify you me? As long as their rage was determined against Him, he opened not his mouth; when Saul extended the violence to the church, to his servants, then Christ came to that, "Saul, Saul, why persecutest thou me?" ... Here is a holy people, defensive and offensive; God shall not only protect us from others, but he shall fight for us against them; our enemies are his enemies.
Thine enemies submit themselves. They tell their heart, lie unto thee. This was remarkably the case with Pharaoh and the Egyptians. They promised again and again to let the people go, when the hand of the Lord was upon them; and they lied.
Through the greatness of thy power shall thine enemies submit themselves unto thee: in the original it is, they shall lie unto thee, a forced submission to God is seldom in truth.
Submit themselves unto thee; be forced to profess subjection and obedience to thee.
James 4:7 Submit yourselves therefore to God. Resist the devil, and he will flee from you.
Submission produced by terror.
superstitious fear, occasioned by a belief that the end of the world was at hand. All their replies proved that they had not found God, though they had seen the greatness of his power in the earthquake.
Submission produced by terror usually has only a temporary performance.
A temporary performer or an overcomer?
A Temporary submission and obedience out of fear leaves only shallow experiences and temporary performances.
OVERCOMERS
1John 4:17 Herein is our love made perfect, that we may have boldness in the day of judgment: because as he is, so are we in this world.
Ps 81:16 He should have fed them also with the finest of the wheat: and with honey out of the rock should I have satisfied thee.
Not just the bran, but the flour, and the finest of the flour; they should have had not only honey, but honey out of the rock, which, as naturalists observe, is the best and purest honey.
Colored friendships
pretended friendship
a ship wrecked in the harbour
Jer 41:8 But ten men were found among them that said unto Ishmael, Slay us not: for we have treasures in the field, of wheat, and of barley, and of oil, and of honey. So he forbare, and slew them not among their brethren.
Honey out of the rock.
The rock spiritually portrays Christ, the Rock of salvation.
1Co 10:4 And did all drink the same spiritual drink: for they drank of that spiritual Rock that followed them: and that Rock was Christ.
Honey out of the rock
Wild honey in the wilderness
The fullness of grace and blessing of Christ
The sure mercies of David
The precious promises of the everlasting covenant
The gospel, which is sweeter than the honey or the honeycomb
Those who hearken to Christ and walk in his ways
O such joy for those who hear and obey.
Shows that the obedient are Filled, nourished, blessed and satisfied Shows what Israel lost by disobedience
The sweetest springs and pleasures from the hardness of afflictions
From mount Calvary and the cross, the blessings that give greatest delight; Whereas the world makes from the fountains of pleasure stones and rocks of torment.
Ro 8:32 He that spared not his own Son, but delivered him up for us all, how shall he not with him also freely give us all things?
Bees are diligent
We can have a store for the hard places
A process
The finest of Wheat
Ps 147:14 He maketh peace in thy borders, and filleth thee with the finest of the wheat.
Honey out of the Rock
Make wise and timely provision for the future.
2Ch 20:22 And when they began to sing and to praise, the LORD set ambushments against the children of Ammon, Moab, and mount Seir, which were come against Judah; and they were smitten.
The Word of God Changes the Bride
Ps 81:10 I am the LORD thy God, which brought thee out of the land of Egypt: open thy mouth wide, and I will fill it.
The Bridegrooms Testimony of the Bride Now
Song 4:11—Thy lips, O my spouse, drop as the honeycomb: honey and milk are under thy tongue; and the smell of thy garments is like the smell of Lebanon.
The Bride has changed, (was just like everyone else)
The Bride’s own Testimony from the beginning
Song 1:5 I am black, but comely, O ye daughters of Jerusalem, as the tents of Kedar, as the curtains of Solomon.
Not beautiful, not fragrant
- The Change in the Bride’s Heart
Song 4:11”Thy lips, O my spouse, drop as the honeycomb”
- Speaks from a close Relationship
- Speaks from a full experience
The Bridegroom is describing the bride’s Testimony
Ps 81:10 I am the LORD thy God, which brought thee out of the land of Egypt: open thy mouth wide, and I will fill it.
Pr 16:23 The heart of the wise teacheth his mouth, and addeth learning to his lips.
Ps 71:15 My mouth shall shew forth thy righteousness and thy salvation all the day; for I know not the numbers thereof.
Ps 71:24 My tongue also shall talk of thy righteousness all the day long: for they are confounded, for they are brought unto shame, that seek my hurt.
Ps 37:30 The mouth of the righteous speaketh wisdom, and his tongue talketh of judgment.
Mat. 12:34”out of the abundance of the heart the mouth speaketh”
- The heart of the world. (The old nature)—flesh
Jer 17:9—The heart is deceitful above all things, and desperately wicked: who can know it?
Romans 3:13—Their throat is an open sepulchre; with their tongues they have used deceit; the poison of asps is under their lips:
14—Whose mouth is full of cursing and bitterness:
Mat. 12:34—O generation of vipers, how can ye, being evil, speak good things? for out of the abundance of the heart the mouth speaketh.
35—A good man out of the good treasure of the heart bringeth forth good things: and an evil man out of the evil treasure bringeth forth evil things.
15:18—But those things which proceed out of the mouth come forth from the heart; and they defile the man.
19—For out of the heart proceed evil thoughts, murders, adulteries, fornications, thefts, false witness, blasphemies:
Mark 7:21—For from within, out of the heart of men, proceed evil thoughts, adulteries, fornications, murders,
Luke 6:45—A good man out of the good treasure of his heart bringeth forth that which is good; and an evil man out of the evil treasure of his heart bringeth forth that which is evil: for of the abundance of the heart his mouth speaketh.
James 3:11 Doth a fountain send forth at the same place sweet water and bitter? 12 Can the fig tree, my brethren, bear olive berries? either a vine, figs? so can no fountain both yield salt water and fresh.
Mt 7:16 Ye shall know them by their fruits. Do men gather grapes of thorns, or figs of thistles?
17 Even so every good tree bringeth forth good fruit; but a corrupt tree bringeth forth evil fruit.
18 A good tree cannot bring forth evil fruit, neither can a corrupt tree bring forth good fruit.
19 Every tree that bringeth not forth good fruit is hewn down, and cast into the fire.
20 Wherefore by their fruits ye shall know them.
- The heart of the Church
Rev. 3:14—And unto the angel of the church of the Laodiceans write; These things saith the Amen, the faithful and true witness, the beginning of the creation of God;
15—I know thy works, that thou art neither cold nor hot: I would thou wert cold or hot.
16—So then because thou art lukewarm, and neither cold nor hot, I will spue thee out of my mouth.
17—Because thou sayest, I am rich, and increased with goods, and have need of nothing; and knowest not that thou art wretched, and miserable, and poor, and blind, and naked:
18—I counsel thee to buy of me gold tried in the fire, that thou mayest be rich; and white raiment, that thou mayest be clothed, and that the shame of thy nakedness do not appear; and anoint thine eyes with eyesalve, that thou mayest see.
2Cor. 2:4—For out of much affliction and anguish of heart I wrote unto you with many tears; not that ye should be grieved, but that ye might know the love which I have more abundantly unto you.
1Tim. 1:5—Now the end of the commandment is charity out of a pure heart, and of a good conscience, and of faith unfeigned:
2Tim. 2:22—Flee also youthful lusts: but follow righteousness, faith, charity, peace, with them that call on the Lord out of a pure heart
- The heart of the Bride
Song 4:11—Thy lips, O my spouse, drop as the honeycomb: honey and milk are under thy tongue
- Not just a change but something is added to the heart
- God adds to a diligent faith
He 8:10 For this is the covenant that I will make with the house of Israel after those days, saith the Lord; I will put my laws into their mind, and write them in their hearts: and I will be to them a God, and they shall be to me a people:
He 10:16 This is the covenant that I will make with them after those days, saith the Lord, I will put my laws into their hearts, and in their minds will I write them;
Heb 11:6 But without faith it is impossible to please him: for he that cometh to God must believe that he is, and that he is a rewarder of them that diligently seek him.
He 12:15 Looking diligently lest any man fail of the grace of God; lest any root of bitterness springing up trouble you, and thereby many be defiled; II Pt. 1:5-9
- Word is in her heart (De.30:14; Rm10:8; Eph3:17)
Song 4:11 Thy lips, O my spouse, drop as the honeycomb: honey and milk are under thy tongue; and the smell of thy garments is like the smell of Lebanon.
a. The Word of God changes the heart
b. The Word of God changes the soul.
c. The Word of God changes the spirit
d. The Word of God changes the body
e. The Word of God changes the speech
f.. The Word of God changes the nature
He 4:12—For the word of God is quick, and powerful, and sharper than any twoedged sword, piercing even to the dividing asunder of soul and spirit, and of the joints and marrow, and is a discerner of the thoughts and intents of the heart.
2Cor. 7:1—Having therefore these promises, dearly beloved, let us cleanse ourselves from all filthiness of the flesh and spirit, perfecting holiness in the fear of God.
Pr16:24—Pleasant words are as an honeycomb, sweet to the soul, and health to the bones.
IIIJohn1:2; Pr 3:5-8, 4:20-27;12:18; 15:23; 23:16; 25:11; 27:9; De32:2; Ps107:2,20; 42:5,11; 43:5; 44:3; Zech. 4:6: Eph.1:9-23
The Word is—Knowledge, understanding wisdom, Revelation of God.
Pr 22:11—He that loveth pureness of heart, for the grace of his lips the king shall be his friend.
Heb 13:9 “Be not carried about with divers and strange doctrines”
Col 3:16 “Let the word of Christ dwell in you richly in all wisdom”
- The change in speech: SOS.4:11
Col 4:6 Let your speech be alway with grace, seasoned with salt, that ye may know how ye ought to answer every man.
Gen. 49:21 Naphtali is a hind let loose: he giveth goodly words.
Rev.12:11; I kings 17:24; Jn.17:17; Judges 1:12-15
- The change in nature
“garments is like the smell of Lebanon” (Ps.119:11)
Romans 13:12—The night is far spent, the day is at hand: let us therefore cast off the works of darkness, and let us put on the armour of light James.3:2-6; Eph.4:13-32; 6:10-24; Col.3:5-17
Hosea 8:3 Israel hath cast off the thing that is good: the enemy shall pursue him.
1Thess.5:12 Having damnation, because they have cast off their first faith.
Rev. 2:4 Nevertheless I have somewhat against thee, because thou hast left thy first love.
Mark 12:30 And thou shalt love the Lord thy God with all thy heart, and with all thy soul, and with all thy mind, and with all thy strength: this is the first commandment.
Hebrews 5:12 For when for the time ye ought to be teachers, ye have need that one teach you again which be the first principles of the oracles of God; and are become such as have need of milk, and not of strong meat.
6:1 Therefore leaving the principles of the doctrine of Christ, let us go on unto perfection; not laying again the foundation of repentance from dead works, and of faith toward God,
The Bride comes to the changes graciously and Happily. Pp.4:4
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